Each individual belonged to certain territories within the family group and had spiritual connections and obligations to particular country. Hence land was not owned; one belonged to the land. Aboriginal people experience the land as a richly symbolic and spiritual landscape rather than merely a physical environment. Religion was based on a philosophy of oneness with the natural environment. Both men and women were involved in the spiritual life of the group. The social and economic organisation of Aboriginal groups varied greatly throughout Australia, but some general observations can be made.
Royal Commission into Aboriginal Deaths in Custody. Aboriginal people have been in Australia for at least 60, years Torres Strait Islanders at least years. It is only in the past years there has been European contact with Australia and the Torres Strait. Mid s - Portuguese traders from Timor began raiding Melville Island, just off the coast of Darwin, to kidnap young male Tiwi for slaves.
The Portuguese continue their raids until about He also discharged his gun at one of them. Although intermittent, the visits by people from Melanesia and Asia are evidence that the original Australians did not live in complete isolation.
Ultimately, it would be Spain who protested the British possession of the whole eastern coast of Australia, claiming it infringed the Spanish law of the Indies. This act of resistance to European visitors, the earliest in written record, was by a number of Tjungundji people whose country is located several kilometres south of the former location of Mapoon and who were familiar with outside visitors.
The Tjungundji share songs with a number of groups in Cape York, which demonstrate ceremonial links to the peoples of Papua New Guinea. For thousands of years intermarriage, cultural and technological exchange was conducted along trade routes which threaded north from the mainland and through the Torres Strait Islands. Tiddalik is the key character in one of the most widely related dreaming stories on the eastern seaboard of Australia. The term rock painting is used to describe Aboriginal art were materials have been applied to a rock surface to make a design or picture.
These may be elaborate, multi layered and profuse or more simple, like the western concept of a drawing. Paintings and drawings on rock surfaces are found across Australia. There are numerous sites in the Upper Hunter:. With startling new archaeological discoveries revealing how the first Australians adapted, migrated, fought and created in dramatically changing environments. They Have Come to Sta y - This landmark series chronicles the birth of contemporary Australia as never told before, from the perspective of its first people.
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United States Change. There were over Indigenous languages, including dialectal varieties. Society structures are complex and diverse, with each community living in their own ways. Many communities would remain in the same areas, however there are also many that practised seasonal occupation. That is, they would move across the land to richer sources, allowing areas they have lived on to re-cultivate.
Despite differences between nations, many societies were built on four main values; identity, responsibilities, relationships and spirituality. Spiritualty in Indigenous cultures is particularly important.
Dreamings teach Aboriginal peoples about their role on Earth, and how they should act. Many Indigenous people feel they are one with the land, and they have a deep spiritual connection to it.
The arrival of Captain Cook to Australia in sparked a European invasion. This invasion would lead to the death of thousands of Aboriginal people. It would see hundreds of languages forgotten, cultures hidden, and people removed from their land. Many Indigenous cultures were permanently erased.
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