Figure 2. Meridians or "Lines of Longitude" and degree readings for longitudes in increments of 30 degrees. Parallels or "Lines of Latitude" and degree readings for latitudes in increments of 30 degrees.
Note that the lines are parallel when we look at the earth from the equator. If we look at them from the poles, they appear circular. The number of latitude degrees will be larger the further away from the equator the place is located, all the way up to 90 degrees latitude at the poles.
Longitude Vertical mapping lines on Earth are lines of longitude, known as "meridians". One simple way to visualize this might be to think about having hula hoops cut in half, vertically positioned with one end at the North Pole and the other at the South Pole.
Visualize hula hoops cut in half, vertically positioned with one end at the North Pole and the other at the South Pole. As the vertical starting point for longitude, the Prime Meridian is numbered 0 degrees longitude. The degree line is a single vertical line called the International Date Line, and it is directly opposite of the Prime Meridian.
The E or the W following a longitude measurement indicate whether the degrees are measured east or west of the prime meridian. Minutes and seconds sometimes follow latitude and longitude measurements to more accurately pinpoint a location.
Each degree can be divided into sixty minutes, usually indicated by a single quotation mark ex. Each minute can be divided into sixty seconds, indicated by a regular double quotation mark ex.
Related questions How do you find the latitude and longitude of a city? What is latitude? What is the prime meridian? Is the prime meridian a line of longitude or latitude? How do lines of latitude change as they get further from the equator?
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