Materials are usually selected by subject specialist librarians. Materials are usually selected in accordance with library collections policies and institutional mandates.
Libraries are not subject to any geographic restrictions and may gather literary evidence from across the world. Museum materials can be purchased or donated. Materials are usually selected by the museum specialist in accordance with museum collection policies and institutional mandates. Museums may gather objects from across the world but are restricted by clearly defined areas of specialisation.
Archival collections consist mostly of unpublished material i. The collections are made up of individual, stand-alone or related items. The material is usually unique and not available anywhere else. Library collections are mainly made up of published material e. Collections are subdivided into discrete categories.
The material can often be found elsewhere. Museum collections consist mainly of objects with little textual content, often physical artefacts such as furniture, clothes, cutlery, etc.
The material is usually unique, but can sometimes also be found elsewhere. Archival materials are organised in line with principles relating to provenance. Archivists try to retain the order of the documents as organised by the creator s of the collection. The intellectual order of a collection is presented in the finding aid.
The physical order of a collection depends on the size and format of materials and therefore may not match the intellectual order of the collection. Library materials are organised according to subject classification. The organisation of the collections is determined by the library and not the creator s of the material. Museum material is mainly grouped together to form a theme for exhibition purposes.
The objects are therefore organised by the museums themselves, rather than the creator s of the material. Archival materials are described on a number of different grouped levels within the collection or fonds e. Finding aids often contain access points such as subject headings, geographic headings, and authority records i.
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Simmons, John Edward. Skjerdingstad, Kjell Ivar. Smiraglia, Richard P. Cultural Synergy in Information Institutions. New York: Springer. Its approach is both historical and analytical—historical in that it discusses the rise and development of libraries and archives in light of broad patterns of social and political change, and analytical insofar as it emphasizes the variety of ways in which libraries and the societies of which they are a part interact.
In the English-speaking world today, library connotes a body of recorded information brought together for a specific purpose, organized for use, and made available to users. Those responsible for acquiring, storing, organizing, and making available these records are generally known as librarians, although related terms, such as records managers, archivists, media specialists, and information scientists, may be used, depending on the environment in which these professionals work.
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